
	Tuesday, 09 February, 2010

Science book

Cancer evolution is an example of competitive evolution. It is a warning that competition (darwinian evolution) is not the way to further evolution. Understand this for the sake of our planet and ourselves...

As a book on cancer evolution, the selfish cell deals with innovative concepts in evolutionary biology. Additionally, new ideas on cancer treatments are forwarded to researchers.

immunotherapy

CRM197 a new immunotherapy for cancer

dendritic_cells

Many years ago, diphtheria toxin (DT) showed antitumor activity in mice and in humans, but it was unclear whether this depended on the toxicity of the molecule only or on its strong inflammatory-immunological property as well. (Buzzi S., Cancer Res. 1982 May;42(5):2054-8). The same researchers, to deal with this open question, planned to treat a group of cancer patients with cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197).

Gc-maf cancer immunotherapy

...The once-weekly injection of minute amounts of Gc-MAF, just 100 nanograms (billionths of a gram), activates macrophages and allows the immune system to pursue cancer cells with vigor, sufficient to produce total long-term cures in humans..."

A report on the creation of a virus obtained genetically modifying a common adenovirus which could constitute a therapy against cancer has appeared recently in the scientific news. This virus would selectively infect cancer cells and force them to express a protein which calls for the intervention of macrophages, additionally stimulating them to multiply. This strategy would therefore help the body mounting a strong immune response against cancer cells.

Cancer immunity trick discovered

Cancer can spread only after having won the fight against the immune system. In the years scientists have discovered a number of strategies put in place by cancer cells to sneak out of the control of the immune system or even to counterfight it. Macrophages, a fundamental arm of immunity, should be put off for cancer affirmation.

They are key determinants in autoimmunity but have been indicated to play a crucial role in cancer immune-evasion (Franzke A, Hunger JK, Dittmar KE, Ganser A, Buer J Regulatory T-cells in the control of immunological diseases. Ann Hematol. 2006 Nov;85(11):747-58. Epub 2006 Jul 27). Increasing evidences support the existence of elevated numbers of these regulatory Treg cells in solid tumors and hematological malignancies.

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Cancer and evolution

EurekAlert! - Cancer

The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Soft drink consumption may increase risk of pancreatic cancer
(American Association for Cancer Research) Increased sugar intake may stimulate tumor growth through effects of insulin.Pancreatic cancer rates increased nearly twofold over the past several decades.Drinking two or more soft drinks a week led to an 87 percent increased risk.
More smokers than non-smokers accept HPV vaccination for their daughters
(American Association for Cancer Research) A parent's existing health habits or behaviors, like cigarette smoking, may influence the likelihood that they will have their daughters vaccinated against HPV.
Lower detection of prostate cancer with PSA screening in US than in a European randomized trial
(Journal of the National Cancer Institute) Fewer prostate cancers were detected by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in the US than in a European randomized trial because of lower screening sensitivity, according to a new brief communication published online February 8 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Medicare reimbursement change meant to save money has opposite effect
(American Cancer Society) Increased Medicare payments to physicians for outpatient surgeries for bladder cancer have led to a dramatic rise in the number of these procedures being performed and an overall increase in cost to the health care system.
JCI online early table of contents: Feb. 8, 2010
(Journal of Clinical Investigation) This release contains summaries, links to PDFs, and contact information for the following newsworthy papers to be published online, Feb. 8, 2010, in the JCI: Marker of Ewing sarcoma: potential new drug target?; Enhancing arrest of cell growth to treat cancer in mice; New approach to treating the kidney disease Alport syndrome?; Role for the protein HIF-2-alpha in Chuvash polycythemia; Rab25: a suppressor of tumor formation in intestines?; and Complete chemokine profile of a cell.
Study reveals new details on the dangers of third-hand smoke
(DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) Nicotine in third-hand smoke, the residue from tobacco smoke that clings to virtually all surfaces long after a cigarette has been extinguished, reacts with the common indoor air pollutant nitrous acid to produce dangerous carcinogens. This new potential health hazard was revealed in a multi-institutional study led by researchers with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Marker of Ewing sarcoma: Potential new drug target?
(Journal of Clinical Investigation) Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a bone tumor that affects children and young adults. The protein CD99 is highly expressed in most cases of EWS, but its function in the disease is unknown. Now, researchers have identified a crucial role for CD99 in the development of EWS and suggest that targeting CD99 or its downstream molecular pathway may be a new therapeutic approach for EWS.
Financial hardship contributes to diagnosis anxiety
(American Cancer Society) Women with medium or low levels of income are more susceptible to anxiety and depression after ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosis.
Enhancing arrest of cell growth to treat cancer in mice
(Journal of Clinical Investigation) New research, to be published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, has identified a new type of cellular senescence (i.e., irreversible arrest of cell growth) and determined a way to enhance it to suppress prostate tumor development and growth in mice. These data suggest that enhancing this process might provide a new approach for cancer prevention and therapy.
Metabolite common among cancers
(Rockefeller University Press) A study published online on Feb. 8 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine reports that several distinct mutations found in a subset of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia result in excess production of the same metabolite.
Method of the future uses single-cell imaging to identify gene interactions
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) Cellular imaging offers a wealth of data about how cells respond to stimuli, but harnessing this technique to study biological systems is a daunting challenge. In a study published online in Genome Research, researchers have developed a novel method of interpreting data from single-cell images to identify genetic interactions within biological networks, offering a glimpse into the future of high-throughput cell imaging analysis.
A potent suppressor of endometrial cancer is revealed
(The Company of Biologists) Treatment of endometrial cancer has not advanced significantly in 30 years and there are no screening tests to promote early detection. Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Harvard Medical School developed a new approach to specifically target genetic changes to the endometrial cells in mice. Using this new technique, they show that loss of an emerging tumor suppressor causes abnormal growth and widespread malignancy of cells lining the uterus.
Few women take tamoxifen to prevent breast cancer
(American Association for Cancer Research) Less than a quarter of one percent of women took tamoxifen in 2000 and 2005 to prevent breast cancer.Further research is recommended to explore explanations for the drug's low use.
Scientists identify first genetic variant linked to biological aging in humans
(University of Leicester) A new discovery has important implications for the understanding of cancer and age-associated diseases.
TGen finalizes alliance with Van Andel Research Institute
(The Translational Genomics Research Institute) The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) today announced the completion of a strategic alliance and affiliation agreement with the Van Andel Research Institute (VARI) that will maximize the research capabilities of both nonprofit institutes.
News brief: HPV vaccines may reduce a wide range of genital diseases
(Journal of the National Cancer Institute) High-coverage human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinations among adolescents and young women may result in a rapid reduction of genital warts, cervical cell abnormalities, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, researchers report in a new study published online Feb. 5 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Some of these genital abnormalities are precursors of cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancers.
AACR to host 101st Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C.
(American Association for Cancer Research) Affecting one in two men and one in three women, cancer remains a leading cause of death around the world. This year, in the nation's capital, the American Association for Cancer Research will convene its 101st Annual Meeting, which will draw more than 17,000 academics, scientists, clinicians, industry leaders, survivors and media professionals to hear and discuss the latest scientific findings in this fast-moving arena.
Scientists ID a protein that splices and dices genes
(University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio) The discovery reveals that the protein MRG15, which previously had been known to affect cell growth and aging, also directs the gene-splicing machinery. As people or animals age, this machinery can go awry, producing nonsense proteins. The finding thus has potential implications for therapies to treat both cancer and aging.
Panel calls for reducing colorectal cancer deaths by striking down barriers to screening
(NIH/National Institutes of Health, Office of Disease Prevention) An NIH state-of-the-science panel was convened this week to identify ways to further increase the use and quality of colorectal cancer screening in the United States. The panel found that the most important factors associated with being screened are having insurance coverage and access to a regular health care provider. Their recommendations highlighted the need to remove out-of-pocket costs for screening tests.
Tests showing smokers their individual risk of future disease will help them quit, says paper
(Chempetitive Group) Personalized risk assessment has been the mainstay of coronary artery disease prevention and has resulted in significant mortality reduction over the last decade. Such an approach could be equally applied to smoking cessation, now that we have predictive risk assessment tools that identify those at greatest risk of lung-related illness from smoking.

the DCA site

Tumor cells often preferentially use glycolysis to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as aerobic glycolysis, or the "Warburg effect. DCA treatment appears to restore and to boost mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells, consequently causing cancer cell selective killing by a kind of "self-burning" effect.

Reform the FDA

Science constantly discovers new health treatments which are not made available to people because of money reasons. It is time to stand up against these fraud that prevents people getting treatments they need to survive. Read to understand and join action.

cell energy therapy

Leukemia cells metabolize fat to avoid cell death

Leukemia cells, like most cancers, are addicted to glucose to generate their energy, but new research shows that these cells also rely on fatty acid metabolism to grow and to evade cell death.

dca and sugar

DCA promoters recommend taking caffeine and extra thiamine (vitamin B1), hoping that this will help the DCA work better and reduce potential risks of nerve damage. In a survey conducted by the DCA site (www.thedcasite.com) a certain number of heavy tea or coffee drinkers observed astounding responses, even remissions. Here we propose that it could be the sugar contained in those drinks to have helped the DCA mote than, or maybe instead of, caffeine or theophylline.

The DCA therapy

apoptosis

In the review paper "Dichloroacetate (DCA) as a potent..." appeared in the Online first session, in September issue of BJP, Prof. Michelakis most interestingly underlines the importance of targeting the peculiar "aerobic glycolytic" metabolic status of tumors. He suggests that the "Warburg effect", as the phenomenon is more commonly known in the literature, can be modulated by unlocking a mitochondrial impairment in cancer cells and that this could be a very promising strategy to fight cancer.

Can metformin boost DCA?

By itself, metformin was ineffective in treating tumors. In a one-two punch, metformin reduced tumors faster and prolonged remission in mice longer than chemotherapy alone, apparently by targeting cancer stem cells, report Harvard Medical School researchers in the Sept. 14 advance online Cancer Research.

cancer energetic signature

In the last issue of Translational Oncology (2009, 2, pp. 138-145) a report appeared confirming that cellular bioenergetics is a central issue of investigation in cancer biology.

ukrain or oxamate after dca

DCA is in clinical trials and results are expected with great interest. Meanwhile stories can be heard from people, even read on the internet, that tell us that they or their relatives have benefited from using DCA against cancer expecially when combining it with other treatments.

green tea synergize with dca

Recently patients, writing on the DCA site, have reported that adding green tea extracts to their DCA experimental anticancer regimen gave them benefits in term of cure efficacy.