
	Saturday, 31 July, 2010

Science book

Cancer evolution is an example of competitive evolution. It is a warning that competition (darwinian evolution) is not the way to further evolution. Understand this for the sake of our planet and ourselves...

As a book on cancer evolution, the selfish cell deals with innovative concepts in evolutionary biology. Additionally, new ideas on cancer treatments are forwarded to researchers.

immunotherapy

CRM197 a new immunotherapy for cancer

dendritic_cells

Many years ago, diphtheria toxin (DT) showed antitumor activity in mice and in humans, but it was unclear whether this depended on the toxicity of the molecule only or on its strong inflammatory-immunological property as well. (Buzzi S., Cancer Res. 1982 May;42(5):2054-8). The same researchers, to deal with this open question, planned to treat a group of cancer patients with cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197).

Gc-maf cancer immunotherapy

...The once-weekly injection of minute amounts of Gc-MAF, just 100 nanograms (billionths of a gram), activates macrophages and allows the immune system to pursue cancer cells with vigor, sufficient to produce total long-term cures in humans..."

A report on the creation of a virus obtained genetically modifying a common adenovirus which could constitute a therapy against cancer has appeared recently in the scientific news. This virus would selectively infect cancer cells and force them to express a protein which calls for the intervention of macrophages, additionally stimulating them to multiply. This strategy would therefore help the body mounting a strong immune response against cancer cells.

Cancer immunity trick discovered

Cancer can spread only after having won the fight against the immune system. In the years scientists have discovered a number of strategies put in place by cancer cells to sneak out of the control of the immune system or even to counterfight it. Macrophages, a fundamental arm of immunity, should be put off for cancer affirmation.

They are key determinants in autoimmunity but have been indicated to play a crucial role in cancer immune-evasion (Franzke A, Hunger JK, Dittmar KE, Ganser A, Buer J Regulatory T-cells in the control of immunological diseases. Ann Hematol. 2006 Nov;85(11):747-58. Epub 2006 Jul 27). Increasing evidences support the existence of elevated numbers of these regulatory Treg cells in solid tumors and hematological malignancies.

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Cancer and evolution

EurekAlert! - Cancer

The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Study finds diet and alcohol alter epigenetics of breast cancer
(Brown University) Researchers from Brown University and the University of California have shown that the epigenetic profiles of breast tumors are related to patient diet and alcohol use as well as tumor size.
Snake venom studies yield insights for development of therapies for heart disease and cancer
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) Researchers seeking to learn more about stroke by studying how the body responds to toxins in snake venom are this week releasing new findings that they hope will aid in the development of therapies for heart disease and, surprisingly, cancer.
A new ground zero for prostate cancer
(Howard Hughes Medical Institute) A type of prostate cell that has been largely ignored by cancer researchers can trigger malignant prostate cancer. The studies provide researchers with a new tool for exploring the genetic changes that lead to prostate cancer. The advance may help in developing new treatments for the disease, which causes some 32,000 deaths in the United States annually.
TNF blockers may increase the risk of malignancy in children
(Wiley-Blackwell) The US Food and Drug Administration received reports of malignancies in children using tumor necrosis factor a (TNF) blockers, raising concerns of an associated risk and prompting an investigation. Researchers from the FDA set out to identify all reports of malignancy in children using infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab and their report is published in the August issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism, a journal of the American College of Rheumatology.
New lab test could identify imatinib resistance
(American Association for Cancer Research) Scientists in Japan may have developed a way to accurately predict those patients who will resist treatment with imatinib, which is the standard of care for chronic myeloid leukemia.
Male breast cancer in family leads to high perception of risk, low likelihood of genetic counseling
(University of Louisville) People with a family history of male breast cancer perceive themselves to be at higher risk of developing the disease than do patients with a family history of female breast cancer; however those with male breast cancer in their families are less likely to know about or seek genetic testing than those with a family history of female breast cancer, according to a study led by researchers at the University of Louisville's James Graham Brown Cancer Center.
The evolution of melanoma diagnosis: 25 years beyond the ABCDs
(American Cancer Society) Twenty-five years after publishing the mnemonic "ABCD" to facilitate the early diagnosis of melanoma, the group who came up with that moniker says early detection remains a key factor in lowering mortality from malignant melanoma.
Researchers identify key enzyme in DNA repair pathway
(University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center) Researchers have discovered an enzyme crucial to a type of DNA repair that also causes resistance to a class of cancer drugs most commonly used against ovarian cancer.
UCLA scientists for the first time identify a cell-of-origin for human prostate cancer
(University of California - Los Angeles) UCLA scientists have identified for the first time a cell-of-origin for human prostate cancer, a discovery that could result in better predictive and diagnostics tools and the development of new and more effective targeted treatments for the disease.
'Linc-ing' a noncoding RNA to a central cellular pathway
(Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center) The recent discovery of more than a thousand genes known as large intergenic noncoding RNAs (or "lincRNAs") opened up a new approach to understanding the function and organization of the genome. That surprising breakthrough is now made even more compelling with the finding that dozens of these lincRNAs are induced by p53, the most commonly mutated gene in cancer.
Dense bones linked to raised risk for prostate cancer
(Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions) Men who develop prostate cancer, especially the more aggressive and dangerous forms that spread throughout the body, tend to retain denser bones as they age than men who stay free of the disease, suggests new research from Johns Hopkins and the National Institute on Aging, part of the National Institutes of Health.
Tips from the American Journal of Pathology
(American Journal of Pathology) The following highlights summarize research articles that are published in the August 2010 issue of the American Journal of Pathology.
Explore stroke care with Society of Interventional Radiology's CLOTS
(Society of Interventional Radiology) Catheter Lysis of Thromboembolic Stroke (CLOTS) -- an intensive five-day course offered by the Society of Interventional Radiology Oct. 24-28 in Dallas, Texas -- provides interventional radiologists, neurointerventionalists, vascular neurologists and fellows-in-training with the unique educational opportunity to review, observe and discuss all aspects of acute stroke management.
New transplantation criteria for liver cancer patients
(Wiley-Blackwell) Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, propose that treatments used on liver cancers beyond the established Milan criteria for liver transplantation may be appropriate for all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are listed for transplantation. Full details appear in the August issue of Liver Transplantation, a journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
Leap forward in efforts to develop treatments for Huntington's disease
(Buck Institute for Age Research) Research reveals that an enzyme linked with multiple disorders -- including stroke, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis -- is also involved in the generation of toxic protein fragments in Huntington's disease.
Morphine blocks tumor growth
(American Journal of Pathology) Current research suggests that taking morphine can block new blood vessel and tumor growth. The related report by Koodie et al., "Morphine suppresses tumor angiogenesis through a HIF1α/p38MAPK pathway," appears in the August 2010 issue of the American Journal of Pathology.
Electronic cigarettes require more suction than conventional brands
(University of California - Riverside) Stronger suction is required to smoke "electronic cigarettes" than conventional brands, with possible adverse effects on human health, researchers at the University of California, Riverside, report. Using a smoking machine to compare the smoking properties of eight conventional cigarettes with five e-cigarette brands, the researchers also found that in the case of e-cigarettes, the aerosol density dropped after the first ten puffs, requiring still stronger suction thereafter to produce aerosol.
Multifunctional nanoparticle enables new type of biological imaging
(University of Washington) By combining a nanoparticle's magnetic and thermal properties, researchers have created a new technique that virtually eliminates the background noise from non-radioactive medical imaging.
Few people are doing it, so why should I? Motivating men to seek cancer screening
(Association for Psychological Science) In Germany, several national health campaigns promote cancer screening by announcing that only one in five German men gets screened. This is supposed to motivate men to have an examination. But a new study published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, finds that this well-meaning message has the exact opposite effect: it makes men less likely to choose to get screened.
CIHR team grant to fund multidisciplinary breast cancer survivorship studies
(University of Alberta - Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation) Over the next five years, a diverse, multdisciplinary team of researchers led by Dr. Kerry Courneya of the University of Alberta and Dr. Christine Friedenreich of Alberta Health Services will conduct a series of five large research projects to probe the impacts of physical activity on breast cancer thanks to a $2.5 million team grant over five years from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

the DCA site

Tumor cells often preferentially use glycolysis to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), even in the presence of oxygen, a phenomenon known as aerobic glycolysis, or the "Warburg effect. DCA treatment appears to restore and to boost mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells, consequently causing cancer cell selective killing by a kind of "self-burning" effect.

Reform the FDA

Science constantly discovers new health treatments which are not made available to people because of money reasons. It is time to stand up against these fraud that prevents people getting treatments they need to survive. Read to understand and join action.

cell energy therapy

Leukemia cells metabolize fat to avoid cell death

Leukemia cells, like most cancers, are addicted to glucose to generate their energy, but new research shows that these cells also rely on fatty acid metabolism to grow and to evade cell death.

dca and sugar

DCA promoters recommend taking caffeine and extra thiamine (vitamin B1), hoping that this will help the DCA work better and reduce potential risks of nerve damage. In a survey conducted by the DCA site (www.thedcasite.com) a certain number of heavy tea or coffee drinkers observed astounding responses, even remissions. Here we propose that it could be the sugar contained in those drinks to have helped the DCA mote than, or maybe instead of, caffeine or theophylline.

The DCA therapy

apoptosis

In the review paper "Dichloroacetate (DCA) as a potent..." appeared in the Online first session, in September issue of BJP, Prof. Michelakis most interestingly underlines the importance of targeting the peculiar "aerobic glycolytic" metabolic status of tumors. He suggests that the "Warburg effect", as the phenomenon is more commonly known in the literature, can be modulated by unlocking a mitochondrial impairment in cancer cells and that this could be a very promising strategy to fight cancer.

Can metformin boost DCA?

By itself, metformin was ineffective in treating tumors. In a one-two punch, metformin reduced tumors faster and prolonged remission in mice longer than chemotherapy alone, apparently by targeting cancer stem cells, report Harvard Medical School researchers in the Sept. 14 advance online Cancer Research.

cancer energetic signature

In the last issue of Translational Oncology (2009, 2, pp. 138-145) a report appeared confirming that cellular bioenergetics is a central issue of investigation in cancer biology.

ukrain or oxamate after dca

DCA is in clinical trials and results are expected with great interest. Meanwhile stories can be heard from people, even read on the internet, that tell us that they or their relatives have benefited from using DCA against cancer expecially when combining it with other treatments.

green tea synergize with dca

Recently patients, writing on the DCA site, have reported that adding green tea extracts to their DCA experimental anticancer regimen gave them benefits in term of cure efficacy.